nemozone

If you are looking for websites which provide a good oversight about certain statistical information, these page might the sources which are looking for.

NationMaster: https://www.nationmaster.com/ Worldometers: https://www.worldometers.info/ Index Mundi: https://www.indexmundi.com/ The Global Economy: https://theglobaleconomy.com/ Our World in Data: https://ourworldindata.org/ World Bank Data: https://data.worldbank.org/ United Nations Statistics Division: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ World Health Organization (WHO): https://www.who.int/ World Population Review: https://worldpopulationreview.com/

Below is a list of open source games and game-related projects that can be found on GitHub – old school text adventures, educational games, 8-bit platform games, browser-based games, indie games, GameJam projects, add-ons/maps/hacks/plugins for commercial games, libraries, frameworks, engines, you name it…

https://github.com/leereilly/games

This is also nice:

http://www.lebottindesjeuxlinux.tuxfamily.org/en/home-en/

Introduction

Ubuntu is a popular Linux operating system, but sometimes users face issues while booting it after installing another operating system like Windows or upgrading their system. This can cause frustration, especially for new Ubuntu users. But, with Boot-Repair, these boot issues can be easily resolved with just a few clicks.

What is Boot-Repair?

Boot-Repair is a free, open-source software that helps you fix boot issues you may encounter in Ubuntu. It can help you resolve problems like not being able to boot Ubuntu after installing Windows, not being able to boot Windows after installing Ubuntu, or when GRUB is not displayed anymore. The tool reinstalls GRUB and restores access to the previously installed operating systems.

Getting Boot-Repair

There are two options to get Boot-Repair:

Create a live-USB disk of Boot-Repair-Disk, which starts Boot-Repair automatically. Install Boot-Repair in Ubuntu either from a live session or from your installed Ubuntu session. Using Boot-Repair

Once you have Boot-Repair installed, you can use it to fix your boot issues. Here's how:

Create a Boot-Info Summary by clicking the “Create a Boot-Info Summary” button. Check the diagnosis contents and share it on the Ubuntu Forums if you have any doubts. Get the green light from experienced forum members and click the “Recommended Repair” button. Note the new URL that appeared on the paper after the repair is finished and reboot your system. Advanced options

Boot-Repair also has advanced options for experienced users. These options allow you to back up table partitions, create a Boot-Info, change the default repair parameters, etc. However, changing the default settings in the advanced options may worsen your boot issue, so it is recommended not to change them unless requested by experienced helpers.

Conclusion

Boot-Repair is a simple and effective tool that can help resolve boot issues in Ubuntu. Whether you're a new Ubuntu user or an experienced one, Boot-Repair can help you get past your booting issues and get back to using your operating system. So, if you're facing boot issues in Ubuntu, give Boot-Repair a try!

https://linuxhint.com/get-uefi-firmware-settings-ubuntu/ https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair https://sourceforge.net/p/boot-repair/home/Home/ https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/22.04/ubuntu-universe-amd64/efitools_1.9.2-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb.html

UEFI stands for Unified Extensible Firmware Interface and is a newer firmware developed for more recent machines. It was created to overcome the limitations of BIOS and shorten system boot time. UEFI uses the GPT partitioning scheme and supports much greater drive sizes than BIOS. It runs in 32-bit or 64-bit mode, allowing it to provide a graphical user interface with mouse support.

UEFI also provides better security with the Secure Boot feature, preventing unauthorized apps from booting. However, the downside is that Secure Boot prevents dual booting because it treats other OSes as unsigned apps.

The EFI Shell is only one of the facets of EFI — alongside the boot manager, the partitioning scheme, and the firmware proper itself. The advantages of the EFI Shell are few to the ordinary end user. After all, ordinary end users don't maintain the machine.

The advantages of the EFI Shell are more for system administrators. The Shell comprises a pre-boot environment where a system adminstrator can do basic file, disc volume, and device manipulation tasks. Some of the earliest EFI utility programs for x86 were EFI versions of CHKDSK, FORMAT, and DISKPART. On more mature EFI platforms, the toolset now available is larger.

The UEFI interactive shell is a simple shell program responsible for booting your operating system. You can also use the UEFI interactive shell to run EFI shell commands and scripts. It can be used to update the System Firmware of your motherboard as well. Additionally, UEFI GOP allows the system to boot up faster, because the system can start up in the monitor's native resolution, and the hand-off of the graphics card from the pre-boot environment to the operating system is less involved and faster.

Citations :

1. https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E20881_01/html/E20891/gltbf.html
2. https://linuxhint.com/use-uefi-interactive-shell-and-its-common-commands/
3. https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000090610/intel-nuc.html
4. https://linuxhint.com/use-uefi-interactive-shell-and-its-common-commands/#:~:text=The%20UEFI%20interactive%20shell%20is,of%20your%20motherboard%20as%20well.
5. https://phoenixnap.com/kb/uefi-vs-bios#:~:text=In%20contrast%2C%20use%20UEFI%20for,significantly%20improve%20total%20boot%20time.
6. https://techlibrary.hpe.com/docs/iss/proliant_uefi/UEFI_Gen9_121417/s_access_shell.html
7. https://phoenixnap.com/kb/uefi-vs-bios
8. https://www.intel.com/content/dam/support/us/en/documents/motherboards/server/sb/efi_instructions.pdf
9. https://superuser.com/questions/332962/what-can-an-end-user-do-with-efi-or-uefi
10. https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/uefi-vs-bios/
11. https://techlibrary.hpe.com/docs/iss/proliant-gen10-uefi/v36950354.html

Further reading:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Unified_Extensible_Firmware_Interface#UEFI_Shell

https://web.archive.org/web/20190404074007/https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/efi-shells-and-scripting/

https://web.archive.org/web/20190117223426/https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/uefi-shell/

https://web.archive.org/web/20130929114218/http://www.hpuxtips.es/?q=node/293

https://edk2-devel.narkive.com/zCN4CEnb/edk2-inclusion-of-uefi-shell-in-linux-distro-iso

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/unified-extensible-firmware-interface/efi-homepage-general-technology.html

Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) is a stripped-down operating system that is used to deploy Windows 10 or for the recovery environment. Microsoft does not make it available as an ISO download; rather, you have to create the bootable media yourself. To create Windows PE media, you'll have to install the Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (ADK) with the Deployment tools option, and then install the Windows PE add-on. You can download the ADK and WinPE add-on from the Microsoft official site. After you've downloaded and installed the ADK, you can create bootable WinPE media. See WinPE: Create USB Bootable drive to learn how to create a bootable WinPE USB drive, CD, ISO, or VHD. Additionally, there are open source projects like Win10XPE, WPE4Live, Rack OS, WTE, Disk Command, Microsizing package for BartPE Utility, and Sherpya Windows PE Stuff which provide files to create WinPE media.

Citations :

1. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/winpe-intro

2. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/download-winpe--windows-pe

3. https://sourceforge.net/directory/?q=winpe

4. https://www.minitool.com/lib/windows-pe.html

5. https://4sysops.com/archives/winpe-for-windows-10-create-an-iso-or-a-usb-stick/

Further reading:

https://www.computerbase.de/forum/threads/winpe-iso-datei.2106462/ https://github.com/PhoenixPE/PhoenixPE https://github.com/pebakery/pebakery https://archive.org/details/windows-11-pe https://www.heise.de/ratgeber/c-t-Notfall-Windows-2023-7346497.html

https://github.com/r-Techsupport/rTS_WinPe/releases/latest/download/rTS_WinPE.iso

For those looking to download pre-installed Windows virtual machines for Oracle VirtualBox, Microsoft provides VHD/VHDX files of their Operating Systems. These files are compatible with Oracle VirtualBox and can be downloaded from the Microsoft developer website. Once the download is complete, users can import the VM to VirtualBox and use it easily. It is important to note that Microsoft Operating Systems need to be activated to use in the long term, and usually these images can be used for six months without activation.

For Linux distributions, OSBoxes and Linuxvmimages are two popular websites where users can get most, if not all, distributions available as VirtualBox images. All the open-source VDI images are free and will remain free. After downloading the VDI file, users can attach it to VirtualBox as an Operating System hard disk to use instantly. It is important to check the ‘Read Me’ section of each OS that has the basic requirement and username/password.

In addition, VMware Workstation Player is a completely free-to-use version of its desktop VM software, Workstation Pro. This is a great option for those looking for a free virtual machine.

Citations :

1. https://www.sysprobs.com/download-pre-installed-virtualbox-images-linux-windows
2. https://docs.oracle.com/en/virtualization/virtualbox/6.0/admin/vboxconfigdata.html
3. https://www.wikihow.com/Install-Macos-on-a-Virtual-Machine
4. https://www.windowscentral.com/best-free-virtual-machine-software-windows-10-and-11
5. https://data-flair.training/blogs/install-virtualbox/
6. https://www.itsmdaily.com/download-pre-installed-virtualbox-images-for-windows-linux-and-other-systems/
7. https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-is-a-virtual-machine-and-how-to-setup-a-vm-on-windows-linux-and-mac/
8. https://www.extremetech.com/computing/198427-how-to-install-windows-10-in-a-virtual-machine

ExifTool is a powerful and versatile tool for reading, writing, and manipulating image, audio, video, and PDF metadata. It is available as both a Perl library (Image::ExifTool) and command-line application, and is platform independent. It can be used on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish to read, modify, and manipulate metadata of images, audio, video, and PDF files.

To install ExifTool on Ubuntu 22.04, first make sure that all system packages are up-to-date by running the following apt commands in the terminal:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Then, execute the command

sudo apt install exiftool -y to install ExifTool

from the Ubuntu 22.04 repository.

Once installed, some basic commands to use ExifTool include extracting information from a file (exiftool a.jpg), adding an IPTC keyword in a pipeline (cat a.jpg | exiftool -iptc:keywords+=fantastic – > b.jpg), and setting ExifTool API options (-api OPT[=VAL]). Advanced options allow complex processing to be performed from a single command without the need for additional scripting.

The -args option outputs information in the form of exiftool arguments, suitable for use with the –@ option when writing. The -b option outputs requested metadata in binary format without tag names or descriptions, and the -c FMT option sets the print format for GPS coordinates.

ExifTool exits with a status of 0 on success, or 1 if an error occurred or if all files failed the -if condition. It is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

Here are some practical CLI examples for removing metadata from an image using ExifTool:

Remove all metadata:

exiftool -all= image.jpg

Remove specific metadata tags:

exiftool -xmp:Subject= -xmp:Creator= -xmp:Author= image.jpg

Remove metadata from multiple images:

exiftool -all= *.jpg

Remove metadata and create a backup of the original image:

exiftool -all= -o .bak image.jpg

Note: The -all= option removes all metadata from the image and the -o .bak option creates a backup of the original image with the extension .bak.

Citations :

1. https://www.linuxcapable.com/how-to-install-exiftool-on-ubuntu-22-04-lts/
2. https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/en/man1/exiftool.1p.html
3. https://exiftool.org/under.html
4. https://linuxopsys.com/topics/install-and-use-exiftool-on-linux
5. https://idroot.us/install-exiftool-ubuntu-22-04/
6. https://docs.bitnami.com/ibm/apps/resourcespace/configuration/install-exiftool/
7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExifTool
8. https://adamtheautomator.com/exiftool/

Secure Boot is a security feature that can help protect systems from malware by only allowing signed software to run. However, most Linux Distros do not support SecureBoot and require extended work by the user or developers to work. This is because the Linux bootloader is not digitally signed with one of the certificates stored in the BIOS. There are a few Linux distros that have a signed bootloader, but this is not common.

Another approach to UEFI secure boot is Trusted Boot (tboot), which utilizes a Trusted Platform Module (TPM) instead of signatures. The TPM is a cryptographic coprocessor that can be used for secure storage, RNG, system state reporting, and more. Unlike Secure Boot, tboot does not use signatures and does not directly stop the boot sequence. Instead, it puts the machine into a privileged and trusted state, where it can then take measurements of the OS and related components and push them to the TPM to be stored securely.

Secure Boot is useful for Linux, as it can help protect the system from rootkits and other attacks that may not be detected by antivirus software. However, there are some disadvantages to using Secure Boot. For example, signing authorities may make mistakes in granting signatures or loading hashes, and bootloaders that ignore Secure Boot and boot-time malware have been mistakenly signed and released to the public in the past. Additionally, there is an element of implicit trust when using tboot/TPM, as it delves into a stratum of hardware and processor microcode that is not completely explained.

Overall, nobody uses Secure Boot on their installed Linux systems because it requires extra work to get it working, and there are some potential risks associated with it.

Some editorial notes:

There are in fact some Linux Distributions which provide accessible support for secure boot. Nonetheless, it is not a silver bullet or a magic wand and can still be subjugated The DRM like nature and hindrance of creative work or experimenting is still a big flaw The overall additional steps and maintenance work to keep a system working is also a big downer There are a handful of people organizations, primarily government or big-tech sided, which indeed elaborately – extensively use this technology. Citations :

1. https://www.nsa.gov/portals/75/documents/what-we-do/cybersecurity/professional-resources/csi-boot-security-modes-and-recommendations.pdf
2. https://www.quora.com/Why-does-secure-boot-prevent-me-from-booting-into-Linux
3. https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/secure-boot-systemtap
4. https://www.zdnet.com/article/another-way-around-linuxs-windows-secureboot-problem/
5. https://itconnect.uw.edu/tools-services-support/software-computers/mws/mgmt/setup-computer/secure-boot/
6. https://www.makeuseof.com/what-is-secure-boot-how-does-it-work/
7. https://lwn.net/Articles/519618/
8. https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/370223/is-there-an-open-source-alternative-to-uefis-secure-boot
9. https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-Secure-Boot-on-a-Mac-and-should-it-be-disabled-to-protect-your-data-in-the-event-of-a-problem-with-the-T2-chip
10. https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2013/07/15/uefi-secure-boot-next-generation-booting-or-a-controversial-debate/

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a technology that enables users to convert scanned images of text documents into editable files. OCR software can be used to digitize paper documents, save time required for manual data entry, improve information accessibility for users, and speed up the document workflow process. There are several free online OCR services available, such as OnlineOCR, Convertio, NewOCR, and OCR.Space.To use these services, users must first upload an image or PDF file in JPG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, or PDF format. Then, they must select a language of the file and choose an output format from Word, Excel, and TXT. Finally, they must click “Convert” to start recognizing and converting their files.OnlineOCR is a professional online OCR service with a clean and simple design. It is able to keep all the layouts, formatting, tables, columns and graphics from the original file to the converted document. Convertio is a free online OCR service with a modern and pretty design. NewOCR is another free online OCR service that can analyze the text in the image or PDF uploaded and then convert it to a text document. OCR.Space offers multiple options for text recognition, such as auto-rotating images and creating a searchable PDF with a visible or invisible text layer.Overall, these free online OCR services are not perfect but can cover most of users' OCR requirements. Both OnlineOCR and Convertio perform very well among competitors and should be users' first choice when they need a free OCR online, especially for scanned PDF OCR online.

Citations :

1. https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/ocr-software-for-pc/

2. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/a9t9-free-ocr-software/9nblgggz5nsn#:~:text=You%20can%20improve%20and%20customize,the%2Dart%20modern%20OCR%20software.

3. https://www.easepdf.com/topics/best-free-online-ocr.html

4. https://www.teach-ict.com/gcse_new/computer%20systems/input_devices/miniweb/pg14.htm

5. https://www.docsvault.com/blog/benefits-of-ocr-document-management-system/

6. https://www.online-tech-tips.com/cool-websites/convert-image-to-text-using-free-online-ocr-software/

7. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-optical-character-reader-ocr/

8. https://support.google.com/drive/answer/176692?hl=en&co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop

9. https://gtelocalize.com/what-is-ocr-software-and-the-best-ocr-software/

10. https://nanonets.com/blog/google-drive-ocr-image-to-text-google-docs-ocr/

11. https://support.google.com/a/answer/6358855?hl=en

Here is a good page for this:

https://www.onlineocr.net/ https://www.ocr.best

The Samsung LU28E590DS/Eti model is a 28-inch Ultra HD monitor with a high glossy black finish. It has a TN panel that offers an impressive picture quality and 1ms response time. However, it does not have HDR capabilities. Additionally, this model does not come with speakers.In terms of compatibility, the Samsung LU28E590DS/Eti model is compatible with Ubuntu 22.04 and PopOS. According to the official Samsung website, this model is compatible with Windows 10, 8.1, 8, 7, Vista, XP, Mac OS X 10.6 or later, and Linux. Therefore, it should be compatible with both Ubuntu 22.04 and PopOS.

The Color Display Unit Model Code LU28E590DS/Eti is a monitor manufactured by Samsung Electronics (UK) Ltd. It was made in China and has a version number of ISSO7. It is a 28-inch wide-screen LCD monitor with a 3D-LUT, which takes the LUT concept even further. This monitor features a 3D-LUT, which allows for smoother tonal transitions and better representation of tones in shadow areas. It also has an LUT table with eight bits per RGB color and employs internal calculations at 10 or more bits to map input signals to output signals. This monitor is ideal for applications that require high-fidelity color reproduction, as well as for ordinary PC users seeking better picture quality.

Despite being allegedly compatible with Linux. A current very cutting-edge notebook hardware test with the latest Ubuntu 22.04 and most current kernel resulted in a non-functioning HDMI port. Probably there are some EDID issues. One can alternatively use the DisplayPort.

Citations :

1. https://displaysolutions.samsung.com/monitor/detail/1041/U28E590

2. https://www.samsung.com/us/computing/monitors/uhd-and-wqhd/samsung-uhd-28-monitor-with-high-glossy-black-finish-lu28e590ds-za/

3. https://keraben.com/boletines/redir?dir=orradga.tk/72nVjkeraben651

4. https://www.gadgetreview.com/samsung-u28e590d-review#:~:text=While%20the%20Samsung%20U28E590D%20isn,quality%20and%201ms%20response%20time.

5. https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/samsung-u28d590d-4k-ultra-hd-monitor,4033.html

Citations :

1. https://www.eizo.com/library/basics/maximum_display_colors/
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DisplayPort
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_flat_panel_display_manufacturers
4. https://www.phoenixdisplay.com/product/color-displays/
5. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed075p312A
6. https://www.imarcgroup.com/top-display-manufacturing-companies
7. https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/color-monitor/
8. https://www.walmart.com/c/kp/samsung-color-display-unit