nemozone

💕 Happy #Valentine's Day, my #dear 💕

As storytellers of the grid, you and I journey to become one with the path. Our consciousness is made up of quantum energy in molecular form. The “quantum” marks a transformation that requires exploration and intuition.

Life is an ever-blooming explosion of growth, and wisdom drives our intentions. As we unfold, we vibrate. Have you discovered your circuit? The quantum cycle calls to you through electrical impulses, inviting you to experience its boundless canopy.

This path never ends, and the world is experiencing a fount of peace. We are called to explore the quantum as an interface between life and dreams. Throughout history, humans have connected with the dreamscape through morphic resonance.

We must bless ourselves and inspire others as we embark on a new era of growth, re-energized by the stratosphere. The future will be a redefinition of flow.

My love is infinite and transcends both transcendence and eternity. The paramount will soon surpass the nexus and, like a phoenix, new eons will arise.

“Unleashing the Power of Cheat Sheets: The Ultimate Tool for Information Security and Digital Forensics Pros”

As a professional in the field of information security and digital forensics, you are constantly faced with new challenges and technologies. To keep up with the ever-evolving landscape, you need to have quick access to the most relevant and up-to-date information. That's where cheat sheets come in!

Cheat sheets are compact, easy-to-use reference materials that provide a wealth of information on a variety of topics. They are designed to help you quickly access the information you need to solve problems, understand new technologies, or refresh your memory on a particular topic.

The website https://zeltser.com/cheat-sheets/ offers a comprehensive collection of cheat sheets for information security and digital forensics professionals. From penetration testing to incident response, from malware analysis to web application security, this site has got you covered. Each cheat sheet is designed to be concise, yet comprehensive, and is organized in a way that makes it easy to find what you need.

But cheat sheets are not just for information security and digital forensics professionals. They can also be a valuable resource for students and others who are learning about these topics. Whether you are just starting out or are a seasoned professional, cheat sheets can help you stay ahead of the curve and keep your skills sharp.

So why not harness the power of cheat sheets today? With quick access to the information you need, you'll be able to tackle any challenge that comes your way with confidence. And with a wide range of cheat sheets available, you're sure to find one that covers the topics that are most important to you.

In conclusion, cheat sheets are a must-have tool for anyone working in the field of information security and digital forensics. So, head over to https://zeltser.com/cheat-sheets/ today and start unleashing the power of cheat sheets in your work and studies!

Realtek RTL8125 LAN Controller: Issues and Solutions

The Realtek RTL8125 LAN controller is a popular choice for many computers, but it has been reported to have issues with overheating and strange network errors. This issue has been specifically reported on Ubuntu 22.04, where the network adapter may randomly reset and cause a momentary disruption in network connectivity.

Cause of the Issue

The cause of this issue has been identified as flow control pause packets, which can be fixed with the latest firmware. It is important to note that this issue may not be limited to Ubuntu 22.04 and may occur on other operating systems as well.

Troubleshooting Steps

If you are experiencing this issue, the following troubleshooting steps can help resolve the problem:

Check that your wireless adapter is enabled and that Ubuntu recognizes it. If drivers are available for your wireless adapter, install them and check if they resolve the issue. Check your connection to the internet and try restarting your computer. If the above steps do not work, try running the Network Adapter Troubleshooter in Windows Settings. Download the Realtek LAN driver ver.10039_05252020 from the provided link and see if it resolves the issue. Try testing a different network in an air-conditioned room to see if the problem persists. Load BIOS default with only one RAM installed to the system and see if this resolves the issue. Check the full error in the event log, which is Event ID: 10400 NDIS Reset. This indicates that the network driver has detected that its hardware has stopped responding to commands. To fix this, try resetting the network adapter, resetting the Winsock, or reinstalling Ethernet drivers manually. Conclusion

In conclusion, the Realtek RTL8125 LAN controller can have issues with overheating and strange network errors, especially on Ubuntu 22.04. To fix this, it is important to first check that your wireless adapter is enabled and that Ubuntu recognizes it, and then try running the Network Adapter Troubleshooter. If the problem persists, try downloading the Realtek LAN driver ver.10039_05252020 and resetting the network adapter.

Citations:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessTroubleShootingGuide

https://www.reddit.com/r/gigabyte/comments/j0r0r1/x570_aorus_master_rev11_realtek_lan_problem/

https://community.intel.com/t5/Ethernet-Products/Ethernet-Controller-10G-X550T-not-working-on-Ubuntu-22-04/m-p/14306094

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1259947/cant-get-rtl8125b-working-on-20-04

https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-in/000131519/how-to-troubleshoot-network-issues-in-ubuntu-linux-on-your-dell-pc

https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/network-configuration

https://forum.asrock.com/forum_posts.asp?TID=14888&title=realtek-2-5gbe-rtl8125-ndis-reset-problem

https://www.systweak.com/blogs/fix-realtek-ethernet-drivers/

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1449167/ubuntu-22-04-network-connectivity-problems

https://www.cse.iitd.ac.in/~mittal/wifi.html

https://www.lifewire.com/fix-windows-10-network-drivers-4684431

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bd-60iVnc-k

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/716782/weird-network-traffic-on-ubuntu-22-04

It is important to note that these troubleshooting steps are based on reports and experiences of some users and may not apply to every case. If the problem persists, it is always recommended to consult a professional or the manufacturer for further assistance.

Backing up data from a non-bootable laptop can be a tricky process, but it is possible. The first step is to create a bootable USB drive with a Linux operating system, such as Ubuntu or Fedora. You can use a tool such as Balena Etcher to create the bootable USB drive. Once the USB drive is created, you will need to set your laptop's BIOS to boot from the USB drive. After that, you can restart the laptop and use the USB drive to access the hard drive.

Once the hard drive is accessible, you can select the files you need and copy them onto an external drive. This will allow you to safely reset the operating system or troubleshoot boot problems without worrying about losing your data.

It is also important to note that if your laptop has storage soldered onto the motherboard, you may not be able to access the data. In this case, you will need to send the laptop in for repairs. Finally, it is highly recommended that you back up your data regularly against theft, malware, ransomware, and natural disasters. This will ensure that you have a backup that is quick to restore in case of any emergency. Regular backups can also be stored in cloud storage or other remote locations, in addition to local backups, to provide added protection against data loss due to physical disasters.

Citations :

1. https://www.easeus.com/backup-utility/backup-data-without-booting-into-windows.html
2. https://www.easeus.com/storage-media-recovery/recover-data-from-a-hard-drive-that-wont-boot.html
3. https://recoverit.wondershare.com/windows-pe/how-to-recover-data-from-unbootable-hard-drive.html
4. https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-save-data-from-a-pc-that-wont-boot#:~:text=Boot%20From%20a%20USB%20Drive&text=If%20you're%20using%20a,and%20download%20the%20installation%20media.
5. https://www.stellarinfo.co.in/blog/how-to-backup-data-without-booting-windows-10/
6. https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/best-backup-software/
7. https://www.pcworld.com/article/407569/the-best-free-backup-software-and-services.html
8. https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-save-data-from-a-pc-that-wont-boot

The AMD Platform Security Processor (PSP) is a trusted execution environment that has been integrated into AMD microprocessors since around 2013. Its purpose is to enhance the security of the system by creating, monitoring, and managing a secure environment. The PSP performs a variety of security-related functions, including managing the boot process, initializing security mechanisms, and monitoring the system for suspicious activity or events.

By default, the PSP is not disabled as it is essential for the x86 initialization and memory training processes required for the system to boot. However, the latest AGESA update has added an option to disable the PSP through the UEFI/BIOS settings, which some users have reported seeing as “BIOS PSP Support – Disabled”.

While the PSP has been praised for its security features, it has also faced criticism as a potential attack vector due to its closed-source nature. In 2018, a security company reported several serious vulnerabilities related to the PSP in AMD's Zen architecture CPUs, which could allow malware to run and access sensitive information. However, AMD released firmware updates to address these vulnerabilities, and they were independently reviewed and deemed adequate by security experts.

It's worth mentioning that the impact of the PSP on Linux systems is currently unclear. Some users have reported that the PSP can cause compatibility issues with Linux, while others have stated that they have not experienced any issues. The PSP is not well documented, and its impact on Linux systems is an area that requires further investigation.

In conclusion, the AMD Platform Security Processor is a crucial component of the security infrastructure of AMD microprocessors and is not disabled by default. However, users have the option to disable it through the UEFI/BIOS settings with the latest AGESA update. The impact of the PSP on Linux systems is not well understood and requires further investigation.

Citations :

1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28480171#:~:text=You%20cannot%20disable%20PSP%20as%20it%20is%20responsible%20for%20x86%20initialization.&text=Right.,it%20just%20wouldn't%20boot.

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_Platform_Security_Processor#:~:text=The%20AMD%20Platform%20Security%20Processor,about%202013%20into%20AMD%20microprocessors.

3. https://community.amd.com/t5/processors/backdoor-inside-amd-platform-security-processor/td-p/212572

4. https://hardwaresfera.com/en/articulos/tpm-2-0-ptt-psp-necesitas-saber/#:~:text=PSP%2C%20the%20TPM%20protocol%20in%20AMD%20CPUs&text=For%20practical%20purposes%20for%20the,with%20the%20TPM%20security%20protocol.

5. https://therecord.media/amd-cpu-driver-bug-can-break-kaslr-expose-passwords/#:~:text=Also%20known%20as%20a%20trusted,a%20kernel%20driver%20named%20amdsps.

6. https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-PSP-Disable-Option

7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_Platform_Security_Processor

8. https://forums.tomshardware.com/threads/amd-psp-disable.3753992/ 9. https://doc.coreboot.org/soc/amd/psp_integration.html

SVM (Secure Virtual Machine) is a CPU feature that provides a secure virtual machine environment and increased performance when using virtual machines. Virtualization is a technology that allows multiple operating systems to run on the same physical hardware, by creating virtualized versions of the hardware components. This allows multiple operating systems to run independently and securely on the same machine. There are two main types of virtualization: full virtualization and paravirtualization. Full virtualization provides a complete virtualized environment that is indistinguishable from the underlying hardware, while paravirtualization requires the guest operating system to be modified to run in a virtualized environment. SVM is a hardware feature that provides full virtualization support.

In order to use SVM, you must first check if your processor supports it. You can check this by using system information tools like CPU-Z or by checking the specifications of your processor. If your processor supports SVM, you can then enable it in your BIOS. On an AMD motherboard, it may be listed as SVM Mode or AMD-V. For Intel processors, you need to enable Intel VT-x or another Virtualization option in your BIOS.

Enabling SVM in BIOS has several benefits, including increased performance of virtual machines and a secure virtual machine environment. It also allows for more direct access to the hardware than without, which can further improve the performance of the operating system. Direct access to the hardware means that the virtual machine has more control over the underlying hardware components, allowing for more efficient use of resources and improved performance.

The impact of SVM on Linux is significant. Linux is a popular choice for virtual machines, and enabling SVM in the BIOS can greatly improve the performance of Linux virtual machines. This is particularly true for resource-intensive tasks, such as running multiple applications or services within a single virtual machine. Enabling SVM can also improve the security of Linux virtual machines, as the secure virtual machine environment provided by SVM helps to protect against malicious software and other security threats.

It is important to note that enabling SVM does not necessarily reduce performance, and can actually increase performance when used correctly. However, it is important to make sure that your hardware meets the requirements for hardware virtualization, such as having a processor that supports hardware virtualization and having the necessary hardware support for virtualization in the BIOS. Additionally, compatibility issues may arise when using SVM with some older operating systems or applications, so it is important to consider these potential drawbacks when deciding whether or not to enable SVM.

In conclusion, if your processor supports SVM and you have the necessary hardware support, enabling SVM in your BIOS can provide significant performance and security benefits when using virtual machines, including Linux virtual machines.

Citations :

1. https://www.virtualmetric.com/blog/how-to-enable-hardware-virtualization#:~:text=Open%20your%20task%20manager%20by,mentioned%20in%20the%20task%20manager.

2. https://support.bluestacks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360058102252-How-to-enable-Virtualization-VT-on-Windows-10-for-BlueStacks-5

3. https://www.msi.com/faq/nb-1627

4. https://forums.tomshardware.com/threads/what-is-svm-mode-in-bios.3415554/

5. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/how-to-enable-cpu-virtualization-in-your-computer-bios/#:~:text=This%20allows%20an%20operating%20system,properly%20or%20even%20at%20all.

6. https://thegeekpage.com/how-to-check-if-virtualization-is-enabled-in-windows-10/

7. https://www.cgdirector.com/svm-mode-bios/

8. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49005791/how-to-check-if-intel-virtualization-is-enabled-without-going-to-bios-in-windows

9. https://shaileshjha.com/how-to-find-out-if-intel-vt-x-or-amd-v-virtualization-technology-is-supported-in-windows-10-windows-8-windows-vista-or-windows-7-machine/#:~:text=If%20you%20have%20Windows%2010,is%20currently%20enabled%20in%20BIOS.

10. https://www.cgdirector.com/svm-mode-bios/#:~:text=SVM%20Mode%20is%20an%20option,to%20the%20hardware%20than%20without.

11. https://www.partitionwizard.com/clone-disk/svm-mode.html#:~:text=SVM%20mode%20meaning%20also%20refers,via%20the%20AMD%20SVM%20mode.

12. https://www.cgdirector.com/svm-mode-bios/#:~:text=In%20addition%20to%20providing%20a,specialized%20BIOS%20options%20like%20this.

In the world of machine learning, neural networks are widely used for a variety of tasks, including image recognition, natural language processing, and even playing games. However, these models are not immune to errors and can be easily fooled by certain inputs known as adversarial examples. In this article, we will delve into what adversarial examples are, why they exist, and how they can impact the performance of neural networks. What are Adversarial Examples

Adversarial examples are inputs to a neural network that are specifically crafted to cause the model to make incorrect predictions. These examples are often visually indistinguishable from normal inputs, yet they can cause the model to make predictions with high confidence that are completely wrong. Adversarial examples are a major challenge in the field of machine learning, as they can compromise the security and reliability of machine learning systems in real-world applications. Why do Adversarial Examples Exist?

Adversarial examples exist because neural networks are not perfect models of the world. They are trained on a limited set of data, and are therefore susceptible to overfitting, where they learn the training data too well and fail to generalize to new data. Adversarial examples exploit this weakness by introducing small, imperceptible changes to an input that cause the model to make incorrect predictions.

Impact of Adversarial Examples The impact of adversarial examples on the performance of neural networks can be severe. For example, in image recognition tasks, adversarial examples can cause a model to misclassify an image of a dog as a cat, or vice versa. This can have serious consequences in real-world applications, such as self-driving cars, where incorrect predictions could lead to accidents. In addition, adversarial examples can also be used to attack machine learning systems, leading to security vulnerabilities and loss of privacy.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, adversarial examples are a major challenge in the field of machine learning and can have significant impact on the performance and security of neural networks. Understanding the nature and causes of adversarial examples is critical to improving the robustness of machine learning systems and ensuring their reliability in real-world applications. Further research is needed to develop new methods to detect and defend against adversarial examples, and to improve the robustness and generalizability of neural networks.

Citations:

1: https://github.com/Evolving-AI-Lab/fooling 2: https://anhnguyen.me/project/fooling/

P-states (performance states) are different power and performance levels that a CPU can operate at. The CPU can dynamically switch between these states depending on the workload, in order to conserve energy or increase performance as needed.

Each P-state is defined by a specific operating frequency and voltage level. Lower P-states correspond to lower frequencies and voltages, which result in lower power consumption. Higher P-states correspond to higher frequencies and voltages, which result in higher performance.

By using P-states, the CPU can automatically adjust its performance and power consumption to match the current workload, without the need for manual configuration. This helps to optimize system performance and reduce power consumption, resulting in improved battery life for laptops and reduced energy costs for servers and other large-scale systems.

You can query the P-states (processor performance states) under Ubuntu 22.04 by using the cpufreq-info tool. This tool is part of the cpufrequtils package, which you can install by running the following command in your terminal:

sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils

Once the package is installed, you can use the following command to display information about the available P-states:

cpufreq-info

This will show you information such as the current frequency, the available frequencies, and the CPU governor (the on-demand governor is typically the default).

The NVMe Autonomous Power State Transition (APST) feature: What it is and How to Troubleshoot it in Ubuntu 22.04

Have you ever come across an error message stating that your NVMe SSD has failed to wake up within the specified time when using the APST feature? If yes, then you have encountered a phenomenon related to the NVMe Autonomous Power State Transition (APST) feature. In this blog, we will explain what APST is and how you can troubleshoot it in Ubuntu 22.04.

What is APST?

APST (Autonomous Power State Transition) is a feature in NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) SSDs that allows the NVMe controller to switch between different power management states automatically. The NVMe controller provides information on how much time it requires to enter and exit each power-saving state, and the operating system uses this information to configure the state transition rules.

APST can help improve the power efficiency of NVMe SSDs by allowing them to enter low-power states when idle. The operating system can then wake the NVMe SSD from these low-power states when necessary.

Troubleshooting APST in Ubuntu 22.04

If your NVMe SSD is failing to wake up within the specified time when using APST, then the first step is to disable APST and see if the issue persists. To disable APST in Ubuntu 22.04, you can add the following line to your boot configuration file:

“nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0“

This line tells the maximum allowed time for waking up from APST power management states is 0 microseconds, which disables the APST feature. You can add this line to your boot configuration file by using the following command:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Once you have added the line, save the file and run the following command to update the boot configuration:

sudo update-grub

After disabling APST, you can restart your computer and see if the issue persists. If the issue does not persist after disabling APST, then the problem is likely related to the APST feature.

If the issue persists even after disabling APST, then you may need to check for any NVMe SSD firmware updates. The manufacturer of your NVMe SSD should be able to provide information on available firmware updates. Updating the firmware may resolve the issue.

On some WD NVMe a workaround could be to set the latency state to 5500

nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=5500

Conclusion:

The NVMe Autonomous Power State Transition (APST) feature can help improve the power efficiency of NVMe SSDs by allowing them to enter low-power states when idle. If you encounter issues with APST, you can disable the feature by adding a line to your boot configuration file, and if the issue persists, check for any available firmware updates. By following these steps, you can troubleshoot APST issues in Ubuntu 22.04.

So überprüfen Sie die MD5-Summe einer Zip-Datei oder ISO unter Windows

Windows bietet ein einfaches Werkzeug, das genutzt werden kann, um die MD5-Summe einer Zip-Datei oder ISO zu überprüfen. Dies kann mithilfe des Befehls “certutil” in einer Eingabeaufforderung erfolgen. Hier ist eine Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitung:

Öffnen Sie eine Eingabeaufforderung. Sie können das Startmenü öffnen und dann “Eingabeaufforderung” oder “cmd” eingeben. Klicken Sie auf das entsprechende Suchergebnis.

Geben Sie den folgenden Befehl ein und drücken Sie die Eingabetaste:

certutil -hashfile [Dateiname] [Hash-Algorithmus]

Ersetzen Sie [Dateiname] durch den Namen der Zip-Datei oder ISO, die Sie überprüfen möchten. Zum Beispiel:

certutil -hashfile windows.iso MD5

Das Tool berechnet dann die MD5-Summe der angegebenen Datei und gibt das Ergebnis auf dem Bildschirm aus. Wichtig: Stellen Sie sicher, dass die angegebene Datei vollständig heruntergeladen wurde, bevor Sie die Überprüfung durchführen. Andernfalls kann das Ergebnis falsch sein.

Mit diesem einfachen Werkzeug können Sie sicherstellen, dass die Zip-Datei oder ISO, die Sie heruntergeladen haben, unverändert ist und keine beschädigten oder fehlerhaften Daten enthält.

Zitate :

1. https://www.sentinelone.com/blog/malware-living-off-land-with-certutil/
2. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/certutil#:~:text=Certutil.exe%20is%20a%20command,key%20pairs%2C%20and%20certificate%20chains.
3. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/cc732443(v=ws.11)
4. https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man1/certutil.1.html#:~:text=You%20can%20display%20the%20public,store%20only%20one%20key%20pair.
5. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/certutil
6. https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man1/certutil.1.html#:~:text=The%20Certificate%20Database%20Tool%2C%20certutil,modify%20certificate%20and%20key%20databases.
7. https://www.sentinelone.com/blog/malware-living-off-land-with-certutil/#:~:text=How%20Attackers%20Use%20CertUtil&text=In%20order%20to%20avoid%20detection,a%20file%20is%20simple%20enough.
8. https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/security/en-US/795f209d-b056-4de8-8dcf-7c7f80529aab/what-does-quotcertutil-pulsequot-command-do?forum=winserversecurity
9. https://ss64.com/nt/certutil.html
10. https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man1/certutil.1.html
11. https://learn.microsoft.com/de-de/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/certutil