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To grant read-write access to an external SSD/HDD on Ubuntu 22.04, you can follow these steps:

Connect the external SSD/HDD to your Ubuntu machine.

Open a terminal and enter the following command to identify the device name:

sudo fdisk -l

The output should list all the connected devices, including the external SSD/HDD. Identify the device name of the external SSD/HDD from the list. It should be something like /dev/sdX (where X is a letter).

Create a mount point for the external SSD/HDD by entering the following command:

sudo mkdir /media/<mount_point>

Replace with a name you prefer. This will be the folder where the external SSD/HDD will be mounted.

Grant ownership of the mount point to the current user by entering the following command:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /media/<mount_point>

Add an entry for the external SSD/HDD in the /etc/fstab file to ensure that it is mounted automatically when the system starts up. Open the /etc/fstab file with the following command:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add the following line at the end of the file:

/dev/sdX /media/<mount_point> ext4 defaults 0 0

Replace /dev/sdX with the device name of the external SSD/HDD that you identified in step 2, and with the name of the mount point that you created in step 3.

Save and close the /etc/fstab file by pressing Ctrl+X, then Y, and then Enter.

Mount the external SSD/HDD by entering the following command:

sudo mount -a

This should mount the external SSD/HDD to the mount point that you created in step 3.

Now, you should have read-write access to the external SSD/HDD on your Ubuntu 22.04 machine.